In recent years, shorter learning experiences and more flexible, learner-cantered approaches to training have been gaining increasing attention, despite their already existing presence. While the term “microcredentials” may sound new, the concept is rooted in long-standing practices. Microcredentials encompass smaller units of learning compared to traditional qualifications, enabling participants to complete their training within a shorter time frame. However, they do not replace qualifications, as confirmed by CEDEFOP research; instead, they complement them, offering opportunities for lifelong learning. When implemented according to high-quality standards, microcredentials, with their varying scope, duration, and delivery methods, can effectively and adaptively respond to emerging skill needs, enhancing existing qualifications. The Erasmus+ project MC.VET Microcredentials – A New Path for Capacity Building in VET aims to contribute to defining microcredentials in Western Balkan countries, specifically in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, and Montenegro, to strengthen the value and relevance of vocational education and training. Based on conducted analyses and discussions within working groups and peer learning activities, partners jointly defined microcredentials within national education systems. In Croatia, microcredentials have been formally defined and incorporated into legal and strategic documents since 2021, serving as an example of best practices and a starting point for the development process in other partner countries.

Croatia

Microcredentials are defined as education aimed at acquiring sets of learning outcomes, including training, upskilling, vocational specialization, and partial qualifications. Learning outcomes acquired through microcredential programs can be derived from both full and partial qualifications and may be combined into smaller-scale programs (ranging from 2 to 9 CSVET credits) according to individual or labor market needs.

Slovenia

Microcredentials (mikrodokazila in Slovenian) refer to a record of learning outcomes achieved by a participant as a result of a short training program. These learning outcomes will be assessed based on transparent and clearly defined knowledge standards. Learning experiences underpinning the acquisition of microcredentials are designed to provide the participant with specific knowledge, skills, and competencies that address social, personal, cultural, or labour market needs. Microcredentials are owned by the learner, are portable, and interchangeable. They can stand alone or be combined into broader credentials. They are based on quality assurance in accordance with agreed-upon standards within a relevant sector or activity area.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

A micro-program is a record of learning outcomes acquired by a participant based on a smaller scope of learning. These outcomes are evaluated against transparent and clearly defined criteria. Micro-programs provide participants with specific knowledge, skills, and competencies that meet personal, social, cultural, or labour market needs. They can be standalone or combined into publicly recognized higher-level credentials, but one or more micro-programs cannot replace a previously earned qualification or formal education program (such as retraining, training, or upskilling programs).

Serbia

A microcredential represents a set of learning outcomes grouped into a logically connected and homogeneous thematic unit, which by itself does not constitute a qualification. A microcredential can lead to the validation of individual competencies or learning outcomes from a qualification standard; multiple learning outcomes from one or more qualification standards; learning outcomes not covered by national qualifications but relevant to specific job functions; or knowledge and skills acquired through informal adult education aimed at personal and professional development and socially responsible behaviour.

Montenegro

Microcredentials are defined as knowledge, skills, and competencies acquired by a participant based on one or more learning outcomes, certified by an official document (certificate). Microcredentials have clearly defined learning outcomes, a specific sector, and possibly a level in the National Qualifications Framework (NQF). A microcredential is quantified between 1 and 5 credits. Microcredentials can be awarded by educational institutions or adult education providers.

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